
Posted: 20th December 2025
Cancer risk may increase with proximity to nuclear power plants. In
Massachusetts, residential proximity to a nuclear power plant (NPP) was
associated with significantly increased cancer incidence, with risk
declining by distance, according to a new study led by Harvard T.H. Chan
School of Public Health. The study was published Dec. 17 in Environmental
Health. It was conducted by researchers in the Department of Environmental
Health, including corresponding author Yazan Alwadi, PhD student, and
senior author Petros Koutrakis, professor of environmental sciences.
Despite widespread—and potentially expanding—reliance on nuclear power
in the U.S., epidemiologic research investigating the health impacts of
NPPs remains limited. Meanwhile, the results of studies conducted
internationally vary significantly. To broaden the evidence base, the
researchers assessed proximity of Massachusetts zip codes to nuclear power
plants and 2000-2018 cancer incidence data collected by the Massachusetts
Cancer Registry. They controlled for confounders such as air pollution and
sociodemographic factors. The researchers estimated that about 20,600
cancer cases in the state—roughly 3.3% of all the cases included in the
study—were attributable to living near an NPP, with risk declining
sharply beyond roughly 30 kilometers from a facility. The risk of
developing cancer attributable to living near an NPP generally increased
with age.
Harvard School of Public Health 18th Dec 2025
https://hsph.harvard.edu/news/cancer-risk-may-increase-with-proximity-to-nuclear-power-plants/