
Posted: 14th December 2025
Since Russia annexed Crimea in 2014 and invaded Ukraine in 2022, the
rhetoric, prominence, operations, and infrastructures of nuclear weapons in
Europe have changed considerably and, in many cases, increased. This trend
is in sharp contrast with the two decades prior that—despite
modernization programs—were dominated by efforts to reduce the numbers
and role of nuclear weapons.
Bulletin of Atomic Scientists 10th Dec 2025
https://thebulletin.org/premium/2025-12/the-changing-nuclear-landscape-in-europe/